Melanoma and sunbeds

Sunbeds and tanning booths (solaria) are sources of artificial UV light used to create a tanning response as a substitute for, or in addition to natural UV light. There are now well established links between UV light and skin cancer in particular melanoma. Sunbeds have the ability to concentrate UV radiation up to 5 times that of natural sunlight. With increased knowledge of these risks many countries are working rapidly to implement restrictions on this poorly regulated skin cancer risk. The WHO (World Health Organisation) has recently suggested that there should be a complete ban for all individuals less than 18 years of age.

Questions and Answers about Sunbeds

Q.  Are sunbeds safe?

No. The world Health Organisation advises that sunbeds and/or sunlamps should not be used unless under medical supervision. Sunbed use before the age of 35 is associated with a 75% increase in the risk of melanoma.

Q.  Is there such a thing as a safe tan?

No. Skin tanning is when the pigment producing cells in the skin (melanocytes) produce melanin pigment. This is produced in response to ultraviolet damage to the DNA within cells. Any tanning is a sign that your skin cells have suffered damage.

Q.  Doesn’t a tan protect me from getting burnt?

Having a tan has been shown to only contribute a tiny SPF (sun protection factor) of 2-3. This is compared to the minimum SPF rating of 30 recommended in standard sunscreens.

Q.  Is sunbed use addictive?

Not only does UV light result in production of pigment it also causes a release of endorphins, which can provide a temporary positive feeling. Some individuals can even suffer from a clinically diagnosable UV substance related disorder, in the same way as drug and alcohol abuse.

Q.  Is it true that sunbeds are good for increasing Vitamin D levels?

This is a complicated topic, but in short there is no requirement to seek additional sunlight of any form to supplement Vitamin D. In most countries, and especially in New Zealand, the incidental UV light we are exposed to is enough. For some individuals (for example rest home residents and some infants) tablet supplementation is recommended.

See the Melanoma Foundation's call for sunbed regulations.

For a summary of current evidence about the dangers of sunbed use, especially by young people, and the need for regulation click here.